PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS UNTUK ZONASI TINGKAT KERAWANAN BENCANA LETUSAN GUNUNG API TANGKUBANPARAHU

Abstract

The potential for the eruption of volcanoes in Indonesia are very large territory. This is because the position of Indonesia on the path of the world’s active volcanoes are located along the Pacific Ring of Fire (Pacific Ring Of Fire). Indonesia has 129 active volcanoes and 271 eruption points resulting from a collision between three major plates of the earth, the Pacific Plate, Eurasian Plate and Indo-Australian plate. Some have started to reveal volcanic activity, some of which have an annual activity that is more active than other volcanoes such as Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta, which was originally a volcano There are type B, suddenly showed symptoms of A-type eruptions, like Mount Sinabung in Karo Regency. Related to this, needs to be done to minimize the impact of disaster mitigation and disaster casualties. Efforts are made, one of which is map-making disaster prone areas. Therefore, the authors conducted research related to “Use of Geographic Information Systems for Disaster Vulnerability Zoning Level Tangkubanparahu Volcano Eruption”. This is because the development in the area of Mount Tangkubanparahu progress rapidly, especially in the area of North London (KBU). This study aims to create a zoning level vulnerability Tangkubanparahu Volcano eruption, which investigated the level of vulnerability to disaster-related vulnerability to catastrophic levels of the lava f low and the level of disaster vulnerability to pyroclastic flows (hot clouds). Use of the method used in this study was descriptive survey method, data collecting technique done to our interpretation, field surveys, and study the documentation of relevant agencies, especially the research being conducted. Data analysis techniques in this study using analytical techniques Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis of overlapping stacking (overlay), buffering, and three-dimensional analysis. The results of GIS analysis related to the vulnerability class of the eruption of Mount Api Tangkubanparahu, generate three classes of vulnerability to disasters. Class of high vulnerability to catastrophic lava f lows reached 6:01% of the total area of research, disaster vulnerability class is the lava f low reached 70.17% of the total study area, whereas low-grade disaster vulnerability of low lava flow reached 23.82% of the total area of research. Class of high vulnerability to catastrophic pyroclastic (heat clouds) reached 3.91% of the total area of research, disaster vulnerability classes are pyroclastic flows (hot clouds) reached 90.36% of the total study area, whereas low-grade vulnerability to catastrophic pyroclastic (heat clouds) reached 5.72% of total study area. Suggestions generated in this study are used for spatial use, especially in disaster-prone areas, it also does not perform the conversion of land that is not as intended.