Single brain metastasis versus glioblastoma multiforme: a VOI-based multiparametric analysis for differential diagnosis

Abstract

Purpose: The authors’ purpose was to create a valid multiparametric MRI model for the differential diagnosis between glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis. Materials and methods: Forty-one patients (twenty glioblastomas and twenty-one brain metastases) were retrospectively evaluated. MRIs were analyzed with Olea Sphere® 3.0. Lesions’ volumes of interest (VOIs) were drawn on enhanced 3D T1 MP-RAGE and projected on ADC and rCBV co-registered maps. Another two VOIs were drawn in the region of hyperintense cerebral edema, surrounding the lesion, respectively, within 5 mm around the enhancing tumor and into residual edema. Perfusion curves were obtained, and the value of signal recovery (SR) was reported. A two-sample T test was obtained to compare all parameters of GB and BM groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed. Results: According to ROC analysis, the area under the curve was 88%, 78% and 74%, respectively, for mean ADC VOI values of the solid component, the mean and max rCBV values in the perilesional edema and the PSR. The cumulative ROC curve of these parameters reached an area under the curve of 95%. Using perilesional max rCBV > 1.37, PSR > 75% and mean lesional ADC < 1 × 10−3 mm2 s−1 GB could be differentiated from solitary BM (sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 86%). Conclusion: Lower values of ADC in the enhancing tumor, a higher percentage of SR in perfusion curves and higher values of rCBV in the peritumoral edema closed to the lesion are strongly indicative of GB than solitary BM.