Mutagénesis inducida en microbulbos de Allium sativum L

Abstract

A protocol for induced mutagenesis in clone Boconó (Allium sativum) microbulb cultured in vitro was established. For this, two assays were realized: test or radio sensitivity assays were performed to determine the appropriate gamma radiation dose and test or mutagenesis assays to determine the behavior of the plant material up to storage stage. In order to determine radio sensitivity, microbulbs grown were irradiated with four gamma ray doses (6, 8, 10 and 12 Krad) more control. Optimal dose was established considering 50% microbulb survival (LD 50). In this assays a randomized blocks design with 5 treatments and 20 replications per treatment was used. After mutagenic treatment, microbulbs were irradiated with 8 and 10 Krad and then stored at 10 °C in darkness for 45 days. In this assays a randomized blocks design with 3 treatments considered two doses (8 and 10 Krad) more control and 20 replications per treatment was used. In both trials, higher mean weight and diameter were shown in microbulbs irradiated with 8 and 10 Krad, suggesting gamma irradiation to be applied with 8 and 10 Krad in order to facilitate mutant production with desirable agronomic traits in clone Boconó.