Evaluation of caffeic acid phenethyl ester administration in chronically stressed rats with experimental periodontitis

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of systemic caffeic acid phenethyl ester treatment on oxidative stress and alveolar bone destruction in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontitis (EP) group in chronically stressed rats. Materials and Methods: Fourty male Sprague Dawley rats (EP-CS-CAPE) group were divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) experimental periodontitis (EP), 3) EP and chronic stress (CS) group (EP-CS), and 4) EP-CS treated with CAPE (EP-CS-CAPE). To induce periodontitis, LPS was administered into the buccal gingiva of the test groups, and pure saline was administered for the interleukin (IL)-1β levels were control group. Two test groups were exposed to restraint stress and one group of these groups was treated with only a single dose of CAPE (10 mmol/kg). Likewise, saline was administered in the control, EP, and EP-CS groups. After 14 days, serum samples were collected from the heart, and all rats were sacrificed for analyses. Oxidative stress and interleukin (IL)-1β were investigated. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and alveolar bone loss were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Results: The oxidative stress, alveolar bone loss, IL-1β and RANKL levels were found significantly higher in the EP-CS group compared with control and EP groups (p < 0.05). However, the administration of RANKL level CAPE significantly reduced oxidative stress and IL-1β in the EP-CS-CAPE group compared with the EP-CS group (p < 0.05). Also, CAPE treatment significantly reduced RANKL and alveolar bone loss in the EP-CS-CAPE group compared with the EP-CS group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present results indicated that CAPE may inhibit alveolar bone loss by modulating the immune response and inflammatory process.