POEMS syndrome and Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia

Abstract

A 58 year old man presented with a three year history of impotence, night sweats and ankle swelling. On examination, the patient fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome, but was unusual in that he also had underlying Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia with IgM κ paraproteinaemia. The patient was treated with intermittent chlorambucil and made a good recovery. POEMS syndrome has been described in association with osteosclerotic myeloma and Castleman's disease. The paraprotein involved is usually IgG or IgA with λ light chains. This case indicates that the presence of λ light chains is not essential for the pathogenesis of POEMS syndrome. It also emphasises the diversity of plasma cell dyscrasias that can manifest as POEMS syndrome.