Related factors for kidney disease and high chronic kidney disease progression risk in adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus patients from China: a multi-center cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background/Aim: Concerning the related factors for kidney disease and high chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression risk, there is still a lack of study in the adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients from China. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-one adult-onset T1DM patients from the Guangdong T1DM translational medicine study were included. Logistic regression analysis (Forward: LR) was utilized to identify glycemic- and nonglycemic-related factors associated with moderate albuminuria, severe albuminuria, mildly reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), decreased eGFR, and high CKD progression risk, and to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: High CKD progression risk was positively associated with males (OR = 3.13, 95% CI:1.20 − 8.14, p = 0.019), duration of T1DM (OR =1.13, 95% CI:1.05 − 1.21, p < 0.001), triglyceride (OR =1.52, 95% CI:1.11 − 2.08, p = 0.008), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR =1.04, 95% CI:1.02 − 1.07, p = 0.001), and negatively correlated with BMI (OR = 0.80, 95% CI:0.68 − 0.95, p = 0.011). Meanwhile, moderate albuminuria, severe albuminuria, mildly reduced eGFR and decreased eGFR had different each of glycemic- and nonglycemic-related factors. Conclusions: Hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and BMI may be associated with different stages of kidney disease in adult-onset T1DM patients. Early-stage adult-onset T1DM patients with male, low BMI, prolonged diabetes duration, and comorbid hypertension and dyslipidemia should undergo a thorough evaluation of albuminuria and renal function to detect those at high CKD progression risk, who should be timely transferred to the nephrology specialty to receive professional treatment for kidney disease.