Hydrothermal synthesis of gadolinium (Gd) doped cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles: Characterization and antibacterial activity

Abstract

This present study has been described the synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of gadolinium doped cerium oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method with various concentrations of gadolinium ranges from 2 mol% to 8 mol%. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the face-centered cubic structure with crystalline size of 58.3 nm to 57.4 nm with increasing the concentration of gadolinium (2 mol% to 8 mol%). The Ce-O chemical bonding nature was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) exhibited fascinating shapes like cube and square of nanoparticles. UV spectrophotometer used to measure the optical behaviors of CeO2 nanoparticles. Band-edge absorption of CeO2 nanoparticles blue shifted upon increasing the gadolinium concentration as compared to undoped CeO2 nanoparticles. The emission behavior of nanoparticles was examined by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. PL spectra reveals a peak shift of CeO2 emission upon gadolinium doped due to oxygen defect. The gadolinium doped CeO2 nanoparticles showed better antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhi.