Chemoprevention of melanoma: Theoretical and practical considerations

Abstract

Background: Chemoprevention refers to the use of agents to reverse, suppress, or prevent carcinogenic progression of cancer. The use of chemoprevention is an unexplored strategy in melanoma prevention. Methods: A retrospective review of the literature was undertaken regarding the important elements in evaluating chemoprevention as a strategy in melanoma. Results: Several considerations need to be addressed before a chemoprevention agent can be moved to a large randomized trial. Statins have both experimental and epidemiologic evidence to support their further development as candidate chemopreventive agents, but the evidence is insufficient to justify large-scale phase III studies. A strong scientific rationale, a systematic approach to chemoprevention agent development with rigorous chemoprevention designs, and careful selection of surrogate endpoint biomarkers are critical issues in developing a chemoprevention strategy. Conclusions: Addressing these relevant considerations will allow for the development of chemoprevention in melanoma.