Adsorption and Treatment of Petroleum Products Contaminated Water using Activated Carbon Produced from Hura crepitans Linn Seeds

Abstract

Industrial waste water arising from crude oil exploration and processing activities poses a serious environmental problem in Nigeria. Consequently, a study of the use of activated carbon in the clean up was designed by this study with the aim of reducing the water contamination to a more acceptable level. Locally produced activated carbon produced from Hura crepitans seeds of different mass was employed as adsorbent with its adsorption potentials compared with standard commercial activated carbon. A 2h contact time was allowed after which physicochemical parameters such as temperature, odour, appearance, density, pH, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate, total hardness, calcium and magnesium concentrations were determined. Results of the analyses showed that the produced activated carbon is an excellent means for the removal of the contaminants as seen by the decrease in the contaminant concentration from an initial concentration to that within or close to both WHO and refinery specifications. The results of this study revealed that the powdered form of the activated carbon from H. crepitans seed would be very effective in the remediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated ground water and its use is therefore recommended.