Knowledge and determinants of non-communicable disease risk factors among adolescents in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State

Abstract

Risk factors for non-communicable diseases pose a huge burden among adolescents. This study used a qualitative approach to assess the knowledge and factors associated with non-communicable disease risk factors among adolescents in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State. Four focus group discussions were conducted, with sixteen (eight males and eight females) in-school and out-of-school adolescents, each selected purposively. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Most adolescents mentioned peer pressure and habits of parents and siblings as factors associated with smoking and alcohol use. The high cost of fruits and poverty were cited as the reasons for not consuming the required servings of fruits and vegetables. Some respondents cited a lack of awareness of the type of physical activity, and time-wasting effort as reasons for physical inactivity. Reasons for engaging in a lot of screen time included idleness and internet availability. A few respondents cited having family members who were overweight or obese as a reason for being overweight/obese. Some respondents cited overthinking, excess salt consumption, smoking, and alcohol consumption as a factor associated with hypertension.