Characterization of soil microbes in an indicated fusarium wilt-suppressive and-conducive soils in banana plantation at Sukabumi, West Java

Abstract

Banana plants (Musa acuminata L.) on PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VIII, Parakansalak, Sukabumi West Java plantation were indicated infected by Panama wilt. This disease was caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) resulting the decreases fruit production and quality. However, healthy plants were found on the same areas. This condition may be caused by the differences of soil microbiomes that creates Foc-suppressive or-conducive soils. In this study, bacteria in suppressive (BH) and conducive (BS) soil samples were isolated, and characterized through several tests. The tests consisted of nitrogen fixation, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, and Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was done for identification of 26 bacterial isolates. Based on the sequences the bacteria were identified as Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter and Lysinibacillus genus. Several isolates showed their potential as biological agents for Foc, i.e. Bacillus cereus (BH 1), B. cereus (BH 2), B. velezensis (BH 4), B. cereus (BH 7), B. cereus (BS 12), B. megaterium (BS 13), B.cereus (BS 15), B. thuringiensis (BS 18), B. vallismortis (BS 19), B. bingmayongensis (BS 20), B. toyonensis (BS 22) and B. pseudomycoides (BS 25).