Myocardial injury biomarkers at point of care for early identification of primary graft dysfunction after heart transplantation

Abstract

Introduction: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a leading cause of 30-day mortality following heart transplantation, and early intervention in PGD may correlate to improved survival. Our analysis aimed to determine the feasibility of measuring cardiac biomarkers from the donor heart in the early phase for use as a predictor of PGD. Methods: Blood samples from the coronary sinus were obtained at the time of transplantation in hearts preserved by cold static storage. The samples were analyzed for CK-MB and cTnI with a point-of-care method. The primary outcome was severe PGD or the need for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation within 7 days, referred to as severe graft dysfunction. Results: Of the total cohort (n = 63), eight patients (13%) were diagnosed with severe graft dysfunction within 7 days. Patients with high CK-MB had an increased risk for severe graft dysfunction with unadjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of 4.5 (95%CI.96–21.11 P =.057) and adjusted OR of 7.4 (95%CI 1.13–48.46, P =.037. Similar but non significant trends were observed for cTnI. Conclusion: By measuring CK-MB from the coronary effluent in the donor heart, it may be possible to identify patients at increased risk for severe PGD after heart transplantation.