Twenty-five years of digital literacies in CALL

Abstract

This article begins with a brief overview of how digital literacies have evolved in the context of recent technological and social changes. It then discusses three major domains in which digital literacies have made important contributions to language learning during this period: (a) agency, autonomy, and identity; (b) creativity; and (c) new sociality and communities. It then discusses a range of pedagogical issues related to digital literacies and some frameworks that have been proposed to address those issues. The conclusion summarizes some of what we have learned over the past 25 years and what we still have yet to learn.