Mediating effects of social detachment in young and middle-aged stroke patients between stigma and ability to return to work

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the mediating effect of social isolation on the relationship between stigma and work ability in young and middle-aged stroke patients. Methods: From May 2022 to May 2024, a survey was conducted on young and middle-aged stroke patients visiting the neurology department of a tertiary hospital in Weifang. The survey utilized the General Information Questionnaire, the Rankin Scale, the General Isolation Scale, the Stigma Scale for Stroke Patients, and the Work Ability Scale. Results: The scores for work ability, social isolation, and stigma among young and middle-aged stroke patients were 44.23 ± 12.72, 46.27 ± 5.17, and 43.37 ± 4.48, respectively. There was a positive correlation between stigma and social isolation scores (r = 0.550, P < 0.01), and a negative correlation between stigma and work ability scores (r = −0.371, P < 0.01). Social isolation was negatively correlated with work ability (r = −0.418, P < 0.01). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis indicated that stroke type, duration of illness, mRS score, stigma, and social isolation are significant factors affecting work ability in young and middle-aged stroke patients. Social isolation significantly mediated the relationship between stigma and work ability, accounting for 21.66% of the total effect. Conclusion: Stigma and social isolation can directly predict the level of work ability in young and middle-aged stroke patients. Additionally, stigma can indirectly influence work ability through social isolation.