Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Brucea javanica Fruit

Abstract

Objective: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of many diseases, excessive inflammation increases immune cell activation, which can destroy tissues and body health. When inflammation occurs, multiple pro-inflammatory mediators are overproduced, leading to a variety of diseases such as rheumatism, diabetes, and cardiovascular problems. Brucea javanica has been used as traditional medicine as a therapy for anti-tumor, amebic dysentery, diarrhea, malaria, and intestinal inflammation. Therefore, in this study, we explored the effect of ethanol extract Brucea javanica Fruit on anti-inflammation activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and the COX-2 inhibitory effect in vivo. Methods: In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extracts was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paws edema method at doses of 50, 100, and 200mg/kg and further investigated the effect of Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory using ELISA readers. Results: The ethanolic extract of Brucea javanica Fruit exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by oral intake of 50 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract and Brucea javanica inhibited rat paw edema by 50.91% significantly compared to Celecoxib by 58.52%. Moreover, Brucea javanica showed COX-2 inhibition by 16,40% compared to Celecoxib by 20,50%. Conclusions:  These findings indicate that Brucae javanica Fruit extracts have promising anti-inflammatory activity directed against COX-2 enzymatic activity. Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Brucea javanica, Malur, Buah Makasar, Cyclooxygenase.