Application of Natural Plant Fibres in Development of Sustainable Concrete: A Review

Abstract

Concrete is the most prevalent material used for construction purposes. The steel reinforcement is often done to provide tensile strength and ductility to the buildings. There are environmental concerns related to the manufacturing process of reinforced concrete structures, including carbon dioxide emission, alongside the problem of corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Natural plant fibers have gained significant attention in recent years as sustainable alternatives due to renewable, energy-efficient, improved flexural strength, reduced environmental impact, enhanced workability, cost-effectiveness, aesthetic appeal, and compatibility with existing infrastructure. Utilization of natural fibres has limitations, including higher moisture absorption rate and hydrophilicity, which is correlated with a reduction in compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. In addition, long-term durability issues, viz., increased shrinkage and swelling, reduce the overall performance compared to the synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete. Despite these constraints, continued research efforts are aimed at overcoming these challenges through improved fiber treatments, modified concrete formulations, and enhanced construction practices to maximize the features of natural fibers in concrete applications. This review aims to present a comprehensive compilation of the utilization of natural fibres in the development of sustainable concrete.