Understanding How Workload Drives Turnover Intention: The Mediating Effect of Burnout among Generation Z in Jakarta

Abstract

High turnover intention among Generation Z has become a critical issue in human resource management, especially in urban areas such as DKI Jakarta, which is dominated by young workers. Generation Z is characterized by a strong orientation toward work–life balance, meaningful work, and flexible, supportive environments. However, heavy workloads without sufficient organizational support may trigger psychological stress and lead to burnout, increasing employees’ intention to leave their jobs. This study examined the effects of workload on burnout and turnover intention and tested the mediating role of burnout. Using a quantitative survey method, data were collected from 400 Generation Z employees across various formal sectors in DKI Jakarta and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. The results showed that workload significantly affected both burnout and turnover intention, while burnout significantly mediated the relationship between them. These findings emphasized the importance of workload management and mental health strategies to reduce turnover among Generation Z employees.