Article Glyceollins Trigger Anti-Proliferative Effects in Hormone-Dependent Aromatase-Inhibitor-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells through the Induction of Apoptosis

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Abstract

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are standard treatment for estrogen-dependent postmenopausal breast tumors; however, resistance develops leading to tumor relapse and metastasis. We previously demonstrated that glyceollin inhibits proliferation, survival, and migration of hormone-independent letrozole-resistant breast cancer. Since many AI-resistant tumors remain hormone-dependent, identifying distinctions between estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) and ER-negative (ER-) AI-resistant tumor response to therapy is critical. We hypothesize that treating ER+ letrozole-resistant T47D breast cancer cells (T47DaromLR) with a combination of 10 µM glyceollin and 0.5 µM lapatinib (a dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitor) will decrease cell proliferation through induction of apoptosis. The T47DaromLR cells were found to overexpress HER2 and MAPK while maintaining aromatase and ER levels compared to their letrozole-sensitive (T47Darom) counterparts. In the absence of estrogen stimulation, glyceollin ± lapatinib had no effect on the proliferation of the T47Darom cells, while glyceollin treatment caused 46% reduction in the proliferation of T47DaromLR cells, which was further diminished when combined with lapatinib. While neither agent influenced cell migration, glyceollin and lapatinib reduced S and G2/M phase cell entry and exclusively induced apoptosis by 1.29-fold in the T47DaromLR cells. Taken together, these results suggest that glyceollins and lapatinib may have potential as a novel combination therapeutic approach for hormone-dependent, letrozole-resistant tumors.

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Walker, R. R., Patel, J. R., Gupta, A., Davidson, A. M., Williams, C. C., Payton-Stewart, F., … Tilghman, S. L. (2022). Article Glyceollins Trigger Anti-Proliferative Effects in Hormone-Dependent Aromatase-Inhibitor-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells through the Induction of Apoptosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052887

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