Simultaneous Determination of Steroids and NSAIDs, Using DLLME-SFO Extraction and HPLC Analysis, in Milk and Eggs Collected from Rural Roma Communities in Transylvania, Romania

Abstract

This research aims to determine five steroids and four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and egg samples collected from rural Roma communities in Transylvania, Romania. Target compounds were extracted from selected matrices by protein precipitation, followed by extract purification by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplets. The extraction procedure was optimized using a 24 full factorial experimental design. Good enrichment factors (87.64–122.07 milk; 26.97–38.72 eggs), extraction recovery (74.49–103.76% milk; 75.64–108.60% eggs), and clean-up of the sample were obtained. The method detection limits were 0.74–1.77 µg/L for milk and 2.39–6.02 µg/kg for eggs, while the method quantification limits were 2.29–5.46 µg/L for milk and 7.38–18.65 µg/kg for eggs. The steroid concentration in milk samples was