Evaluation of histopathological and healing potentials of the full-thickness cutaneous wound for a topical ointment formulation containing extract of bark Quercus aegilops in mice

Abstract

Cutaneous wounds are significant problems that can be treated with traditional herbal supplements. This study evaluated the wound healing potential of Quercus aegilops barks extract formulations on excision wounds. BQAE extractions were acquired and employed to make two distinct formulas, namely, 10 and 20% barks of Quercus aegilops extract. These formulations were applied topically once daily for 12 days to check out their capacity to heal wounds in a mice model of excision wound repair. At 0,3,6,9 and 12 days, wound sizes and healing areas were observed. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining were used to skin tissue samples for histopathological evaluation. The formulations of the ointments were found to be stable and skin-safe. Comparing the wound contraction and healing area to the positive (standard reference Povidone-iodine) and negative controls, the 10 and 20% BQAE formulations both caused a substantial (P<0.05) reduction in these two parameters (wound contraction and healing area). A significant (P<0.05) increase in the levels of Reduced glutathione, Superoxide dismutase, and Catalase, as a decrease in the levels of Malondialdehyde was observed in 10 and 20% BQAE groups when compared with positive and negative groups. The histopathological studies of excision biopsy on day 12 observed 10 and 20% BQAE groups increased collagen formation, increased number of neovascularization, and reformation of sebaceous glands, with full thickness epithelization of the epidermal layer as soon as compared with the standard reference Povidone-iodine 10% (positive control) and negative control groups. Thus, the study in vitro (physical properties of the ointment) and in vivo scientifically validated the wound-healing activity for barks of extract (BQAE), which explained the increased collagen production and potential antioxidant activity, thereby supporting the traditional claims.