Association Between Body Mass Index and Liver Fibrosis Degree Measured Using Real-Time Elastography (Supersonic)

Abstract

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or fatty liver, is characterized by an excessive accu-mulation of fat in the liver, is a metabolic disorder with a worldwide prevalence close to 25%, with a spectrum of liver damage that covers the steatosis without fibrosis, steatohepatitis with variable fibrosis and cirrhosis or maximum degree of fibrosis, this fibrosis determines prognosis and outcomes in the disease. Objective: To evaluate the association between body mass index and the degree of liver fibrosis in patients diagnosed with fatty liver in a hepatology center in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Patients and methods: A case-control study is carried out with patients diagnosed with fatty liver, who have undergone real-time elastography (Supersonic). Information was taken from patients diagnosed with fatty liver who met the inclusion criteria. Continuous variables were described using measures of central tendency and standard deviation. Categorical variables were described with numbers and percentages. A 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Results: 361 patients were included, of which 95.2% (n=344) presented some degree of alteration (12% minimal fibrosis, 33% moderate fibrosis, 34% severe fibrosis and 16% cirrhosis) and only 5% showed a liver normal. Not having an adequate weight is related to severe fibrosis F3 OR 3.24 (1.03-10) and cirrhosis F4 OR 2.33 (2.33-42.99). No statistically significant differences were found between altered body mass index and any degree of fibrosis OR 2.74 (0.90-8.40). The presence of DM presents a 10-fold risk proba-bility of ending in F4 cirrhosis, especially with poor disease control OR 5.16 (1.23-30.33). Conclusion: There is an association between abnormal body mass index and glycemic profile and the development of severe and advanced fibrosis. It is necessary in clinical practice, greater surveillance and evaluation of patients with fatty liver, in order to prevent the progression of fibrosis.