Teachers' Intention towards the Usage of Technology: An Investigation Using UTAUT Model

Abstract

Survival of a nalidixic acid-resistant strain of Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium mr-DT-104 in water and sediments was tested usingartificially contaminated aquaria. Water samples remained culturepositive for salmonella for up to 54 days. Sediment samples wereculture positive up to 119 days. In addition, potential mechanismsfor spreading salmonella in the environments by chironomid larvaeand adults were tested. We evaluated the acquisition of mr-DT-104by chironomids from contaminated aquatic sediments and subsequentspread to uncontaminated sediments. Larval chironomids raised incontaminated sediments became culture positive, and the bacteriawere carried over to adults after emergence. Contamination of cleansediments by chironomid larvae was not demonstrated. These findingsclearly suggest that mr-DT-104 serovar organisms can survive in aquaticsediments for at least several months. Uptake of salmonellae by chironomidlarvae and adults suggests that they are possible vectors of mr-DT-104in both aquatic and terrestrial environments, although the role oflarval defecation in movement of bacteria to new sediments was notdemonstrated.