Nematodes and acanthocephalans of hygienic-sanitary importance parasitizing Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (Actinopterygii) collected from fish markets of the municipality of Niterói, RJ, Brazil

Abstract

Hyporthodus niveatus is an appreciated and valuable commercial fish species in the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, due its excellent quality flesh. The constant presence of helminths in the abdominal musculature, viscera and serosa of individuals of the species has been the subject of complaints among local fish traders because of economic losses due to their repugnant aspect. Considering their hygienic-sanitary importance and significance for collective health, the presence of helminths was investigated in 20 individual fish of H. niveatus purchased from fish markets in the municipality of Niterói in 2021–2022. Nematodes, identified as third-instar larvae of Contracaecum sp., Terranova sp., Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum and Raphidascaris sp., were found parasitizing the intestine and abdominal cavity. Acanthocephalans, identified as juveniles of Corynosoma australe, were found parasitizing the intestine. The highest parasitic indices were for H. deardorffoverstreetorum, with prevalence of 30%, mean intensity of 1.5, mean abundance of 0.45 and infection ranges of 1–2. Considerations about the zoonotic potential and hygienic-sanitary significance of these parasites are presented in order to increase food safety for consumers.