Transcatheter Approaches to Aortic Insufficiency

Abstract

Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation in the native valve can result due to various congenital and acquired anomalies, leading to abnormalities of the aortic valve leaflets, their supporting structures (aortic root and annulus), or both. Aortic regurgitation (AR) also may be seen after surgical or catheter-based intervention on the aortic valve. Although chronic AR may develop in a slow and insidious manner, long-term follow-up of patients with severe AR has demonstrated excess morbidity and mortality, necessitating consideration of early surgical or transcatheter treatment in high-risk patients. Abbreviations: AR: aortic regurgitation; AS: aortic stenosis; BAV: bicuspid aortic valve; LBBB: left bundle branch block; LV: left ventricle; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic dimension; MAVD: mixed aortic valve disease; NAVR: native aortic valve regurgitation; PAS: pure aortic stenosis; PPM: permanent pacemaker; PVR: prosthetic valve regurgitation; SAVR: surgical aortic valve replacement; SVD: structural valve deterioration; TAVR: transcatheter aortic valve replacement; VIV: valve in valve.Copyright © 2020 Cardiovascular Research Foundation.