Manejo laparoscópico de quistes ováricos complicados o persistentes durante el embarazo

Abstract

Background: Recent reviews show an increase in the finding of adnexal cysts during pregnancy. One reason could be the use of assisted reproductive techniques with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Objective: To review the experience in managing via laparoscopy complicated or persistent adnexal cysts during pregnancy. Method: Retrospective review of 9 consecutive patients, admitted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinica Las Condes. Results: The gestational age was between 5+5 and 27 weeks. Five were the product of assisted fertilization and four spontaneous. Eight (85.6%) pregnant women were admitted by emergency room because of acute abdominal pain and another one went through elective surgery for persistent ovarian cyst. Preoperative diagnosis of the 8 patients admitted by emergency: adnexal cyst complicated with torsion in 6 (1 adnexal infarction) and 2 cases of acute abdomen. The cysts were between 6 and 13 cm. Type of surgery: in 5, only detorsion; ovarian oophorectomy in 1 and cystectomy in one. Puncture, detorsion and bilateral fixation of uterine ovarian ligament, in another patient. One case required conversion to laparotomy with adnexectomy. Postoperative fever was observed in one patient. Discharge was at 48 hrs in 6 (67%) cases, at 72 hrs. in 2 and 96 hrs. in 1. Deferred biopsy performed in 3 patients showed: paratubarian serous cyst, partially hemorrhagic luteal cyst, adnexal infarction. All pregnancies went on normally. Premature births are not reported. Conclusion: Our experience suggests that laparoscopic approach is a valid option for complicated or persistent adnexal cysts in pregnant women.