Fatores que afetam artrópodes associados a cinco acessos de ginseng-brasileiro (Pfaffia glomerata) em Montes Claros, estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify arthropods associated with five accessions ('NDS', 'COVB', 'NAT', 'ROST' and 'GSD1') of Pfaffia glomerata and the effect of weather, canopy height, foliar face, trichomes, and naturals enemies over the entomofauna. The arthropods Aphis gossypii, Diabrotica speciosa, and Tetranychus ludeni had the highest population densities. Among naturals enemies, there were predator mites associated with the broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus, and the spiders associated with defoliator beetles, aphids and leafhoppers. Significant positive multiple and linear correlations were observed between the population of A. gossypii and the density of Crematogaster sp., and negative correlation was observed with the density of Cycloneda sanguinea and air temperature. Higher population density of mites T. ludeni, T. urticae and P. latus was observed in the period of low relative humidity. Higher density of A. gossypii was observed in accessions 'ROST' and 'NAT', while higher density of T. ludeni was observed in the accession 'ROST'. Accession 'GSD1' was the most damaged by defoliator beetles. Aphids and mites preferred to feed on the abaxial face of apical leaves, while D. speciosa preferred the adaxial face of the medium third of the canopy. Trichomes (100% non-glandular) did not affect the arthropods.