Soil mineral depletion drives early Holocene lake acidification

Abstract

In recent decades, explanations for post-glacial lake acidifi cation have focused on changing climate and biotic factors. Here we present a unique lake sediment data set combining diatominferred acidity reconstruction with detailed quantitative assessment of soil base dynamics that challenges this view. We show, at Kråkenes Lake in Norway, that historical development of soil mineral depletion inferred from the lake sediment record is consistent with the extent and timing of early Holocene acidifi cation. The lake-water acidifi cation can be fully accounted for by abiotic soil mineral depletion, suggesting a lesser role for alternative acidifying mechanisms, such as direct climate impacts and successional changes in organic acid production. There are at present few comparable data sets, but those that exist suggest similar rates of soil base depletion. As this acidifi cation is not confi ned to water, abiotic mineral depletion is likely also to impact terrestrial ecosystems, and dynamic vegetation models that exclude irreversible mineral depletion will fail to capture an important element of global ecology. © 2013 Geological Society of America.