A study on Puju in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, China

Abstract

This study aims to examine the historical development and transformative influences of Puju in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, and to investigate its conservation and transmission. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, including a literature review, in-depth interviews, and field surveys, the study reveals that the evolution of Puju can be divided into five major periods: the formative stage prior to 1937, a period of decline during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1949), a flourishing era from 1949 to 1966 marked by state-led reforms and increased artistic activity, a second decline during the Cultural Revolution (1967–1976), and a revival period from 1980 to the present, characterized by renewed institutional and artistic support. Four primary channels for the conservation and transmission of Puju are identified: film, television, the internet, and education, each contributing to its preservation in distinct ways. However, the study highlights persistent challenges, such as outdated performance content, limited youth engagement, and inadequate educational infrastructure. To address these issues, the study proposes the integration of new media technologies, the modernization of performance formats while preserving traditional elements, the enhancement of Puju-related education, and the expansion of community outreach through festivals and public programs. As a vital component of China’s intangible cultural heritage, Puju possesses significant historical and artistic value. Its continued vitality depends on a comprehensive strategy that combines cultural preservation, technological innovation, and educational reform to ensure its relevance in contemporary society.