Chromatographic Profile of Polyphenols in the Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze Herb: Evaluation of Optimal Extraction Efficiency

Abstract

'The HPLC analysis revealed the contents of polyphenols in the anise hyssop (Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze) herb during its triple extraction. Several hydroxycinnamic acids (rosmarinic, chlorogenic, ferulic and caffeic) and flavonoids (apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, hyperoside, quercitrin, rutin and quercetin) were identified in the A. foeniculum herb. It was established that rosmarinic acid followed by apigenin-7-O-glucoside and apigenin were the predominant compounds of the A. foeniculum raw material. The content of rosmarinic acid as the major compound during the primary, secondary and tertiary extraction decreased in the following order: 37.563>15.435>0.642 (mg/g); the content of apigenin-7-O-glucoside was 24.508>9.107>0.945 (mg/g) and apigenin was 19.547>9.676>1.816 (mg/g), respectively. Generally, the third extraction was determined to be inefficient in terms of low content of polyphenols as well as excessive analysis time and solvent costs.