Primary non-Adherence to inhaled medications measured with e-prescription data from Poland

Abstract

Background: Treatment adherence greatly influences the clinical outcomes in various fields of medicine, including management of asthma and COPD. With the recent implementation of a nationwide e-Health solutions in Poland, new and unique opportunities for studying primary non-Adherence in asthma and COPD emerged. The aim was to study primary non-Adherence to inhaled medications available in Poland indicated in asthma and/or COPD and analyse the impact of patients' demographics and inhalers' characteristics (dry powder inhalers (DPIs) vs metered dose inhalers (MDIs) and presence of a dosage counter) on primary non-Adherence. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all e-prescriptions issued in Poland in 2018 (n = 119,880) from the national e-prescription pilot framework. Results: Primary non-Adherence for inhalable medications reached 15.3%. It significantly differed among age groups-the lowest (10.8%) was in 75 + years-old patients, highest (18%) in 65-74 years-old patients. No gender differences in primary non-Adherence were found. The highest non-Adherence was observed for ICS + LABA combinations (18.86%). A significant difference was found between MDI and DPI inhalers and between inhalers with/without a dosage counter. Conclusions: Out of e-prescriptions for inhaled medications issued in 2018 in Poland, 15.3% were not redeemed. The degree of primary non-Adherence was influenced by age, but not gender. Significant differences between MDIs and DPIs and between inhalers with/without a dosage counter were observed.