Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia em mulheres indígenas suruí com idade entre 15 e 49 anos, Amazônia, Brasil

Abstract

Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with the occurrence of anemia inindigenous Surui women aged between 15 and 49 years. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out based on the 2005 census of Sete de Setembro indigenous territory in the Brazilian State of Rondônia. Hemoglobin measurement (Hb) was carried out using a portable M-hemoglobinometer. The cut-off points for anemia were Hb <12.0 g/dL in non-pregnant womenand Hb <11.0 g/dL in pregnant women. Demographic and socio-economic data were gathered using a standardized questionnaire. The first stage of statistical analysis included the: chi-square; the chi-square linear tendency test; Student's t; a test for linearity and analysis of variance. In the second stage, thefinal logistic model was adjusted. Results: the overall prevalence of anemia in nonpregnant women was 67.3% and, in pregnant women, 81.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that women withone or two anemic children aged between 6 and 35 months were three times more likely to be anemic; women from the lowest socio-economic stratum were 3.5 times more likely to be anemic. The likelihood of a Surui woman of low socio-economic status being anemic was 26% higher than that of one from the highest socio-economic stratum. Conclusions: anemia is a serious health problem among Surui women and is influenced by household factors, such as having children with anemia and socio-economic circumstances. It is suggested that measures to treat and prevent anemia among the Surui take these factors into account.