A review on climate change impacts, models, and its consequences on different sectors: a systematic approach

Abstract

Climate change refers to long-term alterations in climate patterns across various regions of the world. As per the data availability and explanations given by different researchers, human exercises, particularly the burning of coal, deforestation, and the use of oil, have increased the temperature of the Earth by significantly improving the engagement of heat-absorbing gases in the environment. The above-stated ratio will increase proportionally in the future. Therefore, climate change is one of our biggest global challenges, and urgent action must be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and adapt to its effects, and ensure a long and healthy life for all. This paper examines the different aspects of the effects of climate change on different ecosystem elements, such as air, water, plants, animals, and human beings, with a notable focus on economic aspects. Finally, to better understand the situation, data in this report were collected from different media plat-forms, research mechanisms, guideline papers, newspapers, and other references. This review paper considers climate change mitigation and transformation worldwide in different sectors like human health, crop productivity, and the related economic impact. The conclusions emphasize that government monitoring is essential for countries’ long-term growth through responsible resource management.