Network Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Indonesian Medicine in Hypertension Treatment

Abstract

Scientific herbal formulations are used clinically to treat hypertension, but their functional molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study identified the molecular pathways of scientific herbal remedies in treating hypertension work. The identified compounds were then excluded by measuring oral bioavailability and drug similarity. The network was created using Cytoscape version 3.8, and the predicted target information was obtained from a number of databases, such as SwissTarget Prediction, STRING, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The decoction’s method for lowering hypertension was then clarified using an enrichment analysis. It was discovered that bioavailability and drug similarity metrics existed for 44 identified substances. The results of pathway analysis using KEGG revealed that the potential targets were correlated with the antihypertensive mechanism of herbal medicine such as the HIF-1, relaxin, PI3K, and MAPK signaling pathway. Scientific herbal formulas’ pressure-lowering mechanisms include those related to vascular endothelium and atherosclerosis, which involve several signaling pathways such as HIF-1, relaxin, PI3K, and MAPK.