Thrombosis risk factors and gene mutations in young age patients with acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Goal of research. Study the role of thrombosis risk factors and polymorphisms in genes in young age patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials and methods. The study included 299 patients of age 25 to 44 years old with ACS were treated from 2012 to 2017 at the department of myocardial infarction 1st KGBUZ Altay regional cardiological clinic. The middle age of patients with ACS was 40.3 ± 0.2 years. The control group included of 53 apparently healthy volunteers aged from 25 to 44 years old, the average age those patients was 39.94 ± 0.79 years. Also, those patients hadn’t any comorbid conditions. The control group hadn’t any datas of ischemic heart disease by the results of exercise tolerance tests. All patients had standard clinical, anamnestic, biochemical tests, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and coronaroangiography, also they were determined growth and weight with body-weight index. 116 patients from the ACS group and 53 patients fromthe control group had screening of polymerase chain reaction for determine polymorphism of the FII genes G20210-A, FV G1691-A, and MTHFR C677-T. Results. We identified the most significant sets of risk factors associated with ACS in young age patients based on our multifactorial statistical analysis with binary logistic regression. This combination of risk factors was: increased levels of low-density lipoproteins, decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, smoking, existence of MTHFR homozygous polymorphism, heredity in combination with smoking, FV homozygote, MTHFR homozygote, smoking with MTHFR-homozygote. Conclusion. The ability predicting the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in young people based on traditional risk factors, partly modifiable, as well as the researching of "new" risk factors, opens up new opportunities for developing a clinical approach of treating young patients with high risk of ACS.