Implementation of a comprehensive smoking cessation program in cancer care

Abstract

Background Quitting smoking after a cancer diagnosis maximizes treatment-related effects, improves prognosis, and enhances quality of life. However, smoking cessation (SC) services are not routinely integrated into cancer care. The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre implemented a digitally-based SC program in oncology, leveraging an e-referral system (CEASE) to screen all new ambulatory patients, provide tailored education and advice on quitting, and facilitate referrals. Methods We adopted the Framework for Managing eHealth Change to guide implementation of the SC program by integrating 6 key elements: governance and leadership, stakeholder engagement, communication, workflow analysis and integration, monitoring and evaluation, and training and education. Results Incorporating elements of the Framework, we used extensive stakeholder engagement and strategic partnerships to establish a SC program with organizational and provincial accountability. Existing electronic patientreported assessments were changed to integrate CEASE. Clinic audits and staff engagement allowed for analysis of workflow, ongoing monitoring and evaluation that aided in establishing a communication strategy, and development of cancer-specific education for patients and health care providers. From April 2016 to March 2018, 22,137 new patients were eligible for screening. Among those new patients, 13,617 (62%) were screened, with 1382 (10%) being current smokers and 532 (4%) having recently quit (within 6 months). Of the current smokers and those who had recently quit, all were advised to quit or to stay smoke-free, and 380 (20%) accepted referral to a SC counselling service. Conclusions Here, we provide a comprehensive practice blueprint for the implementation of digitally based SC programs as a standard of care within comprehensive cancer centres with high patient volumes.