Evolving role of clinical laboratories in precision medicine: a narrative review

Abstract

Background and Objective: Precision medicine (PM) represents a transformative approach in healthcare, tailoring treatments based on individual genetic and molecular profiles. This shift from a generalized to personalized care model revolutionizes healthcare. Here, we aim to explore the evolving role of clinical laboratories within PM in reshaping healthcare delivery and enhancing patient-specific treatments. Methods: Our literature search encompassed comprehensive databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, utilizing keywords like “precision medicine”, “clinical laboratories”, and “personalized medicine”. We meticulously screened articles published until November 2023 to gather relevant studies, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses. Additionally, we scrutinized key journals and references within retrieved articles to ensure inclusivity and depth in our analysis of the evolving role of clinical laboratories in PM. Key Content and Findings: Clinical laboratories stand as crucial pillars in the execution of direct, personalized diagnostic tests and therapies within the PM framework. Their multifaceted role extends beyond disease diagnosis and risk assessment, encompassing the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. This review underscores the instrumental nature of these laboratories in facilitating specialized treatments and substantially improving patient outcomes. Conclusions: This research accentuates the escalating significance of clinical laboratories in the burgeoning domain of PM. Their pivotal contribution as hubs for data analysis and collaborative efforts with healthcare experts underscores their pivotal role in shaping the future of healthcare delivery. The synergy between clinical laboratories and healthcare professionals is paramount in pushing the boundaries of PM and enhancing patient-centric care.