The Effect of Digital Three-Dimensional Reality Models on Patient Counseling for Renal Masses

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Patient counseling for treatment of renal masses is complex. It can be difficult for patients to understand their disease and make treatment decisions when being shown standard black-and-white, two-dimensional computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance images. In a telehealth setting, the patient-physician interaction can be even more challeng-ing. We sought to determine the impact of using digital three-dimensional (3D) models during consultation visits for patients with renal masses. Methods: Forty-seven patients participating in a consultation visit for renal masses, both in-person and virtual, were shown a digital 3D model comprised of their kid-ney, renal mass, and key adjacent structures as part of their counseling. Patients then completed a five-question survey to assess the impact of the 3D model on their visit, with a sixth question administered to telehealth patients. Results: Thirty-five patients undergoing telehealth visits and 12 patients seen in-person were shown the digital 3D model and surveyed. Survey results were universally pos-itive, with all Likert scores > 4.7 (1 – 5 scale). There were no differences between the telehealth and in-person groups. Patients noted the digital 3D model made tele-health visits as effective as in-person visits (average Likert score 4.94). Conclusion: Counseling for patients with renal masses can be augmented with patient-specific digital 3D mod-els, leading to increased provider loyalty, lower levels of patient anxiety, and better understanding and shared decision making.