Dinámica del emprendimiento y el desempleo en la Patagonia chilena

Abstract

The goal of this work is to research the existence of statistical relations between entrepreneurial activity and the creation of employment at the main communes in Chilean Patagonia (Valdivia, Osorno, Puerto Montt, Coyhaique and Punta Arenas). Data from the 2009-2012 period were used. As a result, evidence was found indicating that only in the period 2011-2012 the employment can effectively help to predict the creation of new business. This relationship is known as "Refuge effect", which can be associated to "entrepreneurship due to necessity". No evidence was found to support the hypothesis of economic growth to be the generator of new opportunities and, thus, produce a diminution of unemployment ("Opportunity effect"). The results are relevant since, to this date, no studies or surveys have been conducted on primary sources in Chilean Patagonia to characterize entrepreneurship.