Effects of phase III cardiac rehabilitation on mortality and cardiovascular events in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has numerous benefits, including reduction of mortality and cardiovascular events, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the long-term effect of phase III CR in elderly patients with stable CAD is still unknown. Methods and Results: The 111 elderly male CAD patients (≥65 years), including 37 subjects participating in supervised CR for 6 months and 74 age-matched controls, were analyzed. The patients were followed for up to 3,500 days, until the occurrence of death or 1 of the following major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE): cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, refractory angina requiring revascularization, admission for congestive heart failure, or stroke. All-cause mortality tended to be lower in the CR group than in the Control group (14% vs 28%, P=0.081). The MACE incidence was significantly lower in the CR group than in the Control group (30% vs 62%, P=0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the MACE incidence was significantly lower in the CR group than in the Control group [adjusted hazard ratio 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.20-0.91), P=0.027]. Conclusions: Phase III CR has the beneficial effect of reducing cardiovascular events even in elderly patients with stable CAD.