High figure of merit cylinder-shaped negative refractive index metamaterial based on paper as dielectric material

Abstract

The design of unit cell metamaterial can tailor the permittivity and permeability. The negative refractive index was achieved while the negative real part of permittivity and negative real part of permeability simultaneously or (Formula presented.) conditions were satisfied, where (Formula presented.) are real part of permittivity, imaginary part of permittivity, real part of permeability, and imaginary part of permeability, respectively. Currently, the metamaterial based on paper is a fascinating issue. Additional, paper is used as dielectric due to its eco-friendly spacer. The unit cell design is the critical rule for achieving high figure of merit (FoM) of negative refractive index. This work aims to design the high FoM cylinder-shaped negative refractive index metamaterial based on paper as the dielectric material. The cylinder-shaped structure was simulated by CST microwave studio. The electromagnetic properties of the cylinder-shaped structure were estimated from the scattering parameter (S-parameter) result. The cylinder-shaped structure yields high FoM of negative refractive index performance. The negative refractive index was generated at 3.4–3.91 GHz. The above condition or negative real permittivity and negative real permeability simultaneously were satisfied at 3.4–3.91 GHz. The high FoM was achieved at 3.5–3.91 GHz.