Molecular characteristics of water-soluble extracts from hypsizigus marmoreus and their in vitro growth inhibition of various cancer cell lines and immunomodulatory function in raw 264.7 cells

Abstract

Water-soluble extracts isolated from Hypsizigus marmoreus and fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography were investigated to determine their molecular characteristics and biological activities. The crude and fractionated water-soluble extracts (F1, F2 and F3) consisted mostly of carbohydrates (55.8-98.9%) with varied protein contents (1.1-23.0%). Their monosaccharide levels were significantly different, including the glucose content (67.0-100%) and galactose content (0- 33.0%). The backbone of each fraction was mainly glucose molecules connected with 1,4-glycosidic linkages which contained considerable amounts of glucose and/ or galactose connected through 1,6-glycosidic linkages. The average molecular weight (MWater-soluble extracts isolated from Hypsizigus marmoreus and fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography were investigated to determine their molecular characteristics and biological activities. The crude and fractionated water-soluble extracts (F1, F2 and F3) consisted mostly of carbohydrates (55.8-98.9%) with varied protein contents (1.1-23.0%). Their monosaccharide levels were significantly different, including the glucose content (67.0-100%) and galactose content (0- 33.0%). The backbone of each fraction was mainly glucose molecules connected with 1,4-glycosidic linkages which contained considerable amounts of glucose and/ or galactose connected through 1,6-glycosidic linkages. The average molecular weight (M w) of the extracts varied considerably, ranging from 1;665 × 104 to 19 × 104 g/mol. Little cytotoxicity was apparent in cancer cell lines from the addition of these extracts; however, they significantly stimulated Raw 264.7 cells to release nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suggesting their potential immunomodulating activities.w) of the extracts varied considerably, ranging from 1;665 × 104 to 19 × 104 g/mol. Little cytotoxicity was apparent in cancer cell lines from the addition of these extracts; however, they significantly stimulated Raw 264.7 cells to release nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suggesting their potential immunomodulating activities.