Brucellosis in human and domestic animals in Bangladesh: A review

Abstract

Receiv ved 18 August, 2 2014; Accepted 22 September, 2 14 0 According to the Food and Agricu lture Organi zation (FAO ), the World d Health Org anization (W WHO) and the World O rganizatio n of Animal Health (OIE ), brucellosi s is consid red to be the most wid e despread zoonosis th hroughout t he world. It is s a neglecte d bacterial z zoonotic dise ease in many countries including Bangladesh h. The aim of this study y was to rev iew publishe ed reports of the brucel llosis in humans and domestic a nimals (cattle, buffalo, s sheep, goats s, pigs and dogs) in Ban ngladesh. Th he prevalence e studies are based p primarily on the followin ng serologica al tests: Rose Bengal te est (RBT), pla ate agglutina ation test (PAT), tub e agglutination test (T TAT), merc aptoethanol agglutinati ion test (MET), standa ard tube agglutinatio on test (STA AT), slow ag gglutination t test (SAT), m milk ring te st (MRT), indirect enzym me-linked immunosor rbant assay y (I-ELISA), competitive ELISA (C C-ELISA), co omplement fixation tes st (CFT), fluorescent t polarizatio on assay (FPA); genus specific c and spec cies specif fic real tim me PCR. Seroprevale ences of bru cellosis wer re found to b e affected by y the sensiti vity and spe ecificity of se erological tests emplo oyed. Brucellosis prevale ence varied based on oc ccupations o of people (2. 5-18.6%) and d species of domestic c animals (3.7% in cattle, , 4.0% in buff alo, 3.6% in goats and 7 7.3% in sheep, 4.8% in pi gs, 4% in dogs). The prevalence of brucellos sis in humans was repo orted in farm mers (2.6-21.6%), milkers s (18.6%), butchers (2 2.5%) and ve terinarians ( (5.3-11.1%) who have dir rect contact with domes stic animals and their products or r who consu me raw milk k. According to publishe d reports, br rucellosis d oes affect pe eople and domestic animals of Bangladesh a h and there is only one publis shed repor ts available on the characteriz ation of the e Brucella isolates of a imals in Ba n angladesh a at the speci es level. The ere is an immediate need for a co oncerted effort to contr l and eradic o cate brucellos sis from domesticated a nimals in Banglades .