Antidiabetic activity of matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst & G. Forst) extract on hyperglycaemic alloxan-induced rats

Abstract

Matoa (Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst & G. Forst) leaves contain polyphenols and flavonoids which are prospective for the development of the new antidiabetic agent. This research aimed to explore the potency of matoa leaves in reducing blood glucose level and increasing plasma insulin concentration in alloxan-induced rats. The experimental study was done in 6 treatment groups: the aquadest (normal), alloxan (Alx) 150 mg/kgBW (negative control), glibenclamide (Gli) 5 mg/kgBW (positive control), and matoa leaves extract (MLE) at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kgBW. The treatment was administered for 14 days orally post-induction of alloxan and fasting blood glucose (FBG) reached >200 mg/dL. Blood glucose levels were established by the GOD-PAP (Diasys) method while plasma insulin was measured using Rat insulin ELISA kit. Hematoxyline-eosin (HE) staining on tissues was performed to observe the population of pancreatic beta cells. The results showed that the MLE extract at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW could decrease the FBG level to 135.25±21.14 mg/dL and increase the plasma insulin level up to 0.14%. Pancreas histopathology indicated that the number of damaged cells were lower than negative control. In conclusion, our results affirm the promising potential of MLE as a candidate of the novel antidiabetic agent.