A new preferentially outcrossing monoicous species of Volvox sect. Volvox (Chlorophyta) from Thailand

Abstract

Volvox sect. Volvox is an interesting group of green algae; it comprises mostly monoicous species, but evidence suggests an evolution towards dioicy. Based on cultured strains originating from Thailand, we describe Volvox longispiniferus, a novel species in Volvox sect. Volvox. This species is distinguished from others in the section by the large number of sperm packets in its monoicous sexual spheroids and by the long spines on its zygote wall. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that V. longispiniferus is distinct from the other species of two monophyletic groups within Volvox sect. Volvox. In addition, the novel species produces more zygotes when different cultures are combined compared with a single culture, suggesting a preference for outcrossing.