Time-Domain Electromagnetics as a Geophysical Tool in Hydrogeological Exploitation Projects in Mesozoic Formations

Abstract

The need to use groundwater resources for agricultural and livestock farms is a constantly growing issue, as these resources condition the socio-economic development of many areas with limited climatic regimes and surface water resources. Decisions on the location and characteristics of groundwater extraction works are based on hydrogeological studies, in which geophysical techniques are a very useful tool. In our study, the Time-Domain Electromagnetics technique (TDEM) was used, which significantly improves the precision and safety when planning to drill for water extraction in Mesozoic formations thanks to the significant resistivity contrast among its different hydrogeological units. The performance of a research campaign using TDEM allows for obtaining 2D geoelectrical profiles which define the hydrogeological structure of the study area and the materials of which it is composed, enabling the selection of a site where drilling can be carried out with the best prospects of success. This article shows the usefulness of this study methodology, applied to Mesozoic formations in a specific area located in the municipality of Liceras (Soria, Spain).