Impact of Generative AI on Critical Thinking Skills in Undergraduates: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Despite widespread acknowledgement of the significance of critical thinking skills for success in today's job market, higher education institutions face challenges in effectively nurturing these skills in students. Educational policies, reports, and employer demands emphasise the importance of critical thinking, yet a gap remains between its recognised value and the actual proficiency levels among university students. This study employs a systematic literature review approach to address a research question, "What is the impact of Generative AI on the critical thinking skills of undergraduates?" About half of the thirty selected papers suggest that Generative AI benefits undergraduate critical thinking, but limitations in study design prevent generalisation. Other inconclusive studies highlight the need for further research to address research gaps.