Nodal melanosis in malignant melanoma: a rare case from the Middle East with comprehensive surgical and histopathological findings

Abstract

Malignant melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, accounts for 75% of skin cancer-related deaths. This case report details a 59-year-old Sudanese male with a malignant melanoma of the left foot, presenting with nodal melanosis, a rare condition involving benign pigmented deposits in the lymph nodes. The patient underwent below-knee amputation and inguinal lymph node dissection. Significant black discoloration was observed in the lymph nodes, indicating nodal melanosis. Histopathological examination of excised lymph nodes confirmed the presence of both malignant melanoma and benign melanosis. Despite surgical intervention, the patient eventually developed distant metastases, including lung nodules and a liver lesion. This case underscores the importance of recognizing nodal melanosis in metastatic malignant melanoma and highlights the challenges of managing advanced cases in resource-limited settings. Surgical management remains critical, particularly wide resection and lymph node dissection, even as systemic therapies advance.