Perioperative nutrition optimization: A review of the current literature

Abstract

Objective: This article aims to elaborate the recent research status of perioperative nutrition optimization, in order to help clinical practice. Methods: This study employed a comprehensive and systematic method to search prominent databases, including PubMed and Web of Science, using carefully selected keywords. Following meticulous screening, the inclusion of high-quality studies was prioritized, and a thorough review of the references was conducted to comprehensively analyze the latest evidence on perioperative nutrition optimization. Results: The main contents include preoperative nutritional risk screening and assessment, nutritional support pathway, immune enhancing nutrition, preoperative and postoperative nutritional management, as well as personalized nutrition optimization strategies for specific populations (such as children, bariatric surgery patients, and cancer patients). Conclusions: In clinical practice, the importance of perioperative nutrition should be emphasized, and personalized nutrition management plans should be developed based on the characteristics and needs of patients. Further research and promotion of perioperative nutrition optimization strategies will help improve the overall prognosis and quality of life of surgical patients.