The Effects of a Novel Fortified Dairy Product on Weight Loss, Metabolic Profiles, and Endocrine Hormones in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of daily consumption of fortified yogurt on the metabolic health parameters in women with PCOS. In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, participants received either yogurt fortified with 106 CFU/g probiotics, 1000 IU vitamin D, and 50 IU vitamin E in the intervention group (n = 45) or plain yogurt in the control group (n = 45) for 8 weeks. The group that consumed fortified yogurt demonstrated a significant reduction in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p = 0.040), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) (p = 0.012), malondialdehyde (p = 0.020), and total testosterone (p = 0.042), along with an increase in serum levels of 25(OH) D (p = 0.003) and alpha-tocopherol (p = 0.020) compared to the control group. Nevertheless, further research is required to confirm the efficacy of this functional food as an adjunctive therapy for addressing metabolic health issues in PCOS patients. Trial Registration: The Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20231210060323N1).