Fe-Based catalysts in CO2 conversion to olefins: Navigating challenges and catalytic advances

Abstract

The rising levels of CO2 emissions pose significant environmental challenges, making CO2 conversion into valuable chemicals a crucial area of research. Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to light olefins over Fe-based catalysts offers a promising solution due to their low cost and high catalytic efficiency. This review highlights advancements in catalyst design, focusing on the roles of promoters (e.g., K, Na, Zn), the influence of supports like ZrO2, and the optimization of reaction conditions. Key challenges such as methane formation, catalyst deactivation, and scalability are discussed, with future directions emphasizing stability improvements and the integration of renewable H2 for sustainable, industrial-scale applications.